International Economics

How the Pursuit of Bigness, Geopolitical Hegemony, and Crony Capitalism Are Threatening Antitrust’s Rule of Law

Eleanor M. Fox and Harry First warn that global strategies and political pressures are undercutting the neutral, rule-of-law competition system.

Europe Needs First A Consolidated Internal Market. Business Consolidation May Follow

Xavier Vives argues that to create firms that can compete on the international level, the European Union does not need to ease its merger regime or encourage market power. Rather, encouraging European market integration will allow firms to draw in investment and scale up their operations.

Market Power Shifts Tariff Costs to Suppliers

Many studies have assumed that United States tariff costs are passed onto consumers. In new research, Vanessa Alviarez, Michele Fioretti, Ken Kikkawa, and Monica Morlacco argue that buyer-seller relationship dynamics allow dominant U.S. importers to instead force higher costs onto exporters.

Will Trump’s Drug-Pricing Order Reduce Prices for Americans?

President Donald Trump has, across two administrations, sought to lower drug prices for Americans, most recently with executive order “Delivering Most-Favored-Nation Prescription Drug Pricing to American Patients.” Margherita Colangelo explains why his order is unlikely to accomplish its goal.

Global Financial Liberalization Has Failed To Live Up to Its Promise

In new research, Bruno Pellegrino and Damien Capelle find that while global capital markets have grown dramatically over the past five decades and reached new jurisdictions, the uneven pace of financial liberalization has failed to reallocate capital to lower-income countries, reduced world GDP by 5.9%, and increased inequality between rich and poor countries.

China Is Using Its Market Power To Influence Foreign Policymaking

Audrye Wong writes that China is able to use its market power to pressure foreign companies and business leaders—perhaps most notably Tesla CEO Elon Musk—to lobby on its behalf. The practice raises questions about foreign influence in American and European policymaking and the disproportionate clout of business and oligarchic interests.

A Tale of Tariffs and the Making of the Modern Offshore Market

David Chan Smith argues that tariff regimes during the eighteenth century encouraged modern history’s first offshore markets to reroute goods through jurisdictions that faced lower tariff rates. This historical “entrepôt trade” could outstrip the legal trade of some goods and carries lessons for contemporary revisions to international trade.

Conscience Incorporated

The following is an excerpt from Michael Posner’s recent book, Conscience Incorporated: Pursue Profits While Protecting Human Rights, reprinted here with permission from NYU Press.

For My Enemies, Tariffs; For My Friends, Exemptions

New research from Veljko Fotak, Hye Seung Grace Lee, William Megginson, and Jesus Salas shows that the United States tariff exemption process during the...

America’s Advantage in Clean Production Can Make Manufacturing Great Again

Karthik Ramanna writes that if the United States adopts a trade policy based on a dynamic emissions accounting method, it can achieve President Donald Trump’s goal of leveling the manufacturing playing field for American companies by penalizing foreign “dirty” producers, while also mitigating inflation and the risk of a trade war.

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